Engines and Drivetrains Explained

Where do they go and what does it mean?Dodge Viper.
Mid-enginedRear-engined
Lotus EliseWhile the majority of cars have their enginePorsche 911 CabrioletThe Porsche 911 is the most
over the front wheels, which allows better carryingdeveloped rear-engine rear-wheel drive car in the
capacity, mid-engine cars offer a more favourableworld, having had over 40 years of incremental
weight distribution. The engine usually sits just in frontiterations to hone its engineering. Rear-engined cars
of the rear axle, behind the passenger compartment.are where the centre of gravity of the motor is behind
This usually means that mid-engine cars arethe rear axle. They're notoriously difficult to make
two-seaters as the engine intrudes into what would bestable because the engine acts like a pendulum,
used for the rear passenger space. The advantagesmeaning once that back end steps around it's more
include better handling, better braking (because the reardifficult to control than an excited puppy.
wheels have more weight over them), improvedFront-engined
acceleration (where they're rear-wheel drive as well),Toyota CelicaFront-engined, front-wheel drive cars
and a smoother ride. Because the engine is not directly(FF) are the safe choice for the average motorist.
facing into the wind, vents, air scoops, and additionalThey understeer when pushed hard, and they give
radiators may have to be used to keep the enginemore room in the cabin because the cars don't need a
cool. Common mid-engined cars are Ford GT, Lotustransmission tunnel through to the back wheels. Most
Elise, Porsche Boxster and Ferrari 355.family cars are FF.
MR, MFWD and MFToyota SupraFront-engined, rear-wheel drive cars (FR)
Almost all mid-engined cars are rear-wheel drive (MR),are the choice for many a sports car and muscle car.
though some are four-wheel drive, like the BugattiCommon cars include the Toyota Altezza (Lexus
Veyron, and one or two were even mid-engined frontIS200), most BMWs and Mercedes saloons/sedans,
wheel drive (e.g. Citroen DS).and the Corvette Z06.
FMRFour-wheel drive (4WD) or all-wheel drive (AWD)
McLaren Mercedes SLRA front-mid (FM) engine sits4WD School BusFWD gives the ultimate grip, but saps
just behind the front axle, and combined withengine power with all the extra moving parts. Some
rear-wheel drive gives a better weight distribution thancars have viscous centre differentials so that power is
a front-rear (FR) car, where the engine is over thechannelled only to either the front or rear unless they
front axle. Examples include the Maserati Quattroporte,start to skid, then the diff apportions more power to
Mazda RX-7, Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren andthe other wheels.